Lithium iron battery is a class of lithium batteries in the family, the full name is lithium iron phosphate lithium ion batteries, cathode material is mainly lithium iron phosphate material. Because of its performance is particularly suitable for power applications, so it is also called "lithium-iron power battery". (hereinafter referred to as "lithium-iron batteries")
The working principle of LiFePO4 battery
The internal structure of LiFePO4 battery: on the left is the olivine structure of LiFePO4 as the positive electrode of the battery, connected by aluminum foil to the positive electrode of the battery, in the middle is the polymer diaphragm, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode, but the lithium ion Li+ can pass through while the electron e- cannot pass through, on the right is the negative electrode of the battery composed of carbon (graphite), connected by copper foil to the negative electrode of the battery. Between the upper and lower ends of the cell is the electrolyte of the cell, which is hermetically sealed by a metal shell.
LiFePO4 battery during charging, the lithium ion Li+ in the positive electrode migrates to the negative electrode through the polymer diaphragm; during discharge, the lithium ion Li+ in the negative electrode migrates to the positive electrode through the diaphragm. Li-ion batteries are named for the lithium ions that migrate back and forth during charging and discharging.
LiFePO4 battery main performance
The nominal voltage of LiFePO4 battery is 3.2 V, the termination charge voltage is 3.6 V, and the termination discharge voltage is 2.0 V. Due to the different quality and process of positive and negative electrode materials and electrolyte materials used by various manufacturers, there are some differences in their performance. For example, the capacity of the same type (standard battery in the same package) varies greatly (10% to 20%).
Advantages of LiFePO4 battery
Lithium iron batteries have significant advantages over traditional lead-acid batteries in terms of operating voltage, energy density, cycle life, etc. Compared with the traditional lead-acid battery has the following advantages: high energy density, strong safety and high temperature performance, high power output, long cycle life, light weight, saving the cost of room reinforcement, small size, long battery life, good safety, etc.
